Concurrent review may be seen as a relatively new quality improvement strategy or an improvement over an existing quality improvement strategy, but research is scant. This strategy incorporates several key elements of performance feedback, which may be broadly defined as sharing non-judgmental information to professionals regarding discrepancies between their actual performance and standards of care. The distinction between concurrent review and performance feedback is the timing of information provided. Concurrent review incorporates the provision ofmedical information regarding a provider's performance during the patient's hospitalization, so that the plan ofcare is altered. This study evaluated concurrent review by examining the impact on stroke measures and whether physician and nurse practice patterns in managing stroke patients were altered.